代词考点精讲

代词涉及的考点多而繁杂,它是中考命题必测知识点之一.下面就针对代词的常见考点,精选相关典型中考试题进行分析,并提供针对性的练习.

一、对人称代词主格和宾格的考查.

【考点聚焦】

位于谓语动词前一般使用主格代词,在及物动词和介词后应使用宾格代词.

特别要注意一些接双宾语的动词, 其后必须接宾格代词,不能中文思维而误用物主代词.

[经典题例] Reading more helps learn better.

A. we B. our C. us D. ours （2012年 重庆）

[简析] 本题考查代词的用法.help后的人称代词应用宾格,we的宾格为us,故选C

二、对物主代词的考查.

【考点聚焦】

◆解该类题时,首先要观察空格后有没有名词,如果有名词,则用形容词性物主代词；反之,则用名词性物主代词.

◆如果有两个以上的选项中物主代词一致时,要在了解句意的基础上,保证上下文的逻辑一致.

[经典题例] Would you please lend me _____ English book? _____ isn’t here. （2012年 贵州安顺）

A.your； I B.you； My C.yours； Mine D.your； Mine

[简析] 本题考查代词的用法.句意为“你能借给我你的英语书吗?”先排除B和C.“我的不在这里.”应该用名词性物主代词mine表示.故选D.

三、对反身代词的考查.

【考点聚焦】

◆有些动词,如teach, enjoy等后需接反身代词作宾语.

◆用于“及物动词+宾语（反身代词）+介词”结构中.如：help yourselves to等表示“随便吃等”.

◆当反身代词与by搭配时, “by oneself”意为“单独地,没有人帮助地”.

[经典题例]―Jack,who helped _________ make the model ship?

―Nobody! I made it all by .

A. your； my B. your； mine C. you； myself D. you； mine

【解析】考查人称代词的用法.第一空放在动词后,要用宾格,故可排除A和C.句意“没人帮我,我是自己制作的”,要用反身代词,故选C.

四、对指示代词的考查.

【考点聚焦】

◆ one, ones,that,those常用来代替句中或上文已经提到的人或事物.one和ones常用来代替可数名词,表示泛指.that常指代可数名词单数或不可数名词,those指代可数名词复数.

◆ 打时,常用that询问对方是谁,用this介绍自己是谁.

◆ 代指上文中所提到的事物时往往使用it.

[经典题例] The population of Tianjin is larger than ________ of Shanghai. （2011年 泰安）

A. that B. those C. it D. ones

[简析]由于比较的对象要一致,所以用that代替the population,故答案为A项.

五、对疑问代词的考查.

【考点聚焦】

掌握各种疑问代词的用法,再根据答语选出对应的疑问代词是解该类题的“法宝”.

[经典题例]―Wow! How beautiful! flowers are these?

―Today is Mother’s Day. They are for , Mum. （2012年 泰州）

A. Which, you B. Which yours C. Whose, yours D. Whose, you

【解析】考查疑问代词的用法.根据对话下文“今天是母亲节,这些花是给你的”可知,上句问“这是给谁的花?”；介词for后用宾格,故选D项.

六、对不定代词both, all, either, any, neither等的考查.

【考点聚焦】

◆解该类试题的关键在于正确记忆这些易混不定代词的用法.具体用法见下表：

都等 都不等 任一个 每一

一般适用于两者 both Neither either each

一般适用于三者或三者以上 all none any Every

◆观察空格处后的谓语动词的形式也有助于排除一些干扰项.

[经典题例]―When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning?

―________ is OK. I’m free these days. （2011年 重庆）

A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither

[简析] 解答此类试题可从两个方面考虑：①判断所谈事物是两个还是三个（以上）,如所谈事物为两个,则从both, neither, either中考虑,如所谈事物为三个（以上）,则从all, none, any中考虑.②判断句式是肯定句还是否定句,如果句式为肯定句,则从both, all, either, any中考虑,如果句式为否定句,则从neither, none中考虑.根据题意可以知道该题的正确答案是C项. 七、对复合不定代词的考查.

【考点聚焦】

◆复合不定代词用作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.

◆由some合成的复合不定代词通常用在肯定句中；由any合成的复合不定代词通常用于一般疑问句、否定句中；nothing, nobody, no one用于陈述句中表示否定.有些疑问句,在表示请求、建议或反问时,也可以用some合成的复合不定代词.

◆当形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词须后置.

◆在一定的语境下对不定代词的正确选用是近年来命题的热点所在.

[经典题例] There is ________ with my puter. Can you help me mend it? （2012年 钦州）

A. nothing wrong B. anything wrong

C. something wrong D. wrong something

[简析]根据形容词修饰不定代词时要后置,可以排除D项；又下文请求帮助修理,说明电脑有些问题,因而答案是something wrong.

八、对代词it和one的考查.

【考点聚焦】

◆it和one都可用来代替前面提到过的名词.it与前面提到过的名词指同一件事物,是特指；one所代替的是前面提到的同类事物,但不是同一件,是泛指.

◆it在一定的情景中可指某一特定的、或心目中的、或谈话双方都知道的或性别不明的某个人.

[经典题例] ―A latest Yangzhou Daily, please!

―Only one copy left. Would you like to he , sir? （2012年 扬州）

A. one B. it C. this D. that

[简析]该题考查代词的辨析.指代上面提到的东西应用it, 所以B项正确.

强化训练

A）单选选择,选择最佳答案.

1. ―Frank can't find _________dictionary. Can you lend _________ to __________?

―Certainly.

A. her, mine, her B. 不填, yours, his C. my, yours, he D. his, yours, him

2. The book is _________. I wrote __________ name on its cover__________.

A. my, my, myself B. mine, my, myself

C. mine, myself, my D. myself, mine, my

3. ―Nobody knows ________ he was after he graduated from Beijing University.

―But I was once told he was a doctor in a faraway village.

A. what B. who C. whose D. how

4. ―________ is your maths teacher?

―The one in red.

A. What B. Whose C. Which D. How

5. Shirley had to buy __________ these CDs because she didn’t know which one to take.

A. all B. none C. each D. both

6. My friends and I are interested in drawing, but _________ of us is good at it.

A. neither B. both C. none D. all

7. ―Joan, someone in your class phoned you this morning.

―Oh, who was ________?

A. he B. she C. it D. that

8. The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than _____ in Shanghai.

A. this B. it C. that D. one

9. ―What did you buy for your daughter at the supermarket?

―I bought _________, because I couldn't find _________ she likes.

A. something, anything B. anything, something

C. nothing, anything D. something, nothing

10. Your digital watch is quite nice. Where did you buy_________?I want to buy__________,too.

A. one, one B. it, it C. it, one D. one, it

B）根据句意,用适当的代词填空.

1. I he finished my work, but I don’t think Lily has finished __________.

2. ―May I help you with some shoes, sir?

―Yes, I’d like to try on those brown __________.

3. Is there anyone here __________ can speak Russian?

4. The weather here is different from __________ in Guangzhou.

5. He is cleverer than the __________ boys in his class.

6. “Help __________ to some fish and vegetables,” Miss Gao said to the twins.

7. Yao Ming is a basketball star. I like __________ very much.

8. My watch is broken. I’ll go and buy a new __________.

9. I found __________ important to learn to municate with strangers.

10. My necklace is not the only thing __________ is missing.

参

A）1―5 DBACA 6―10 CCC CC

B）1. hers 2. ones 3. who 4. that 5. other

6. yourselves 7. him 8. one 9. it 10. that