议文翻译

新GRE作文题库+翻译

ThispagecontainstheArgumenttopicortheAnalyticalWritingsectionoftheGRErevisedGeneralTest.Whenyoutakethetest,youwillbepresentedwithoneArgumenttopicfromthispool.

EachArgumenttopicconsistsofapassagethatpresentsanargumentfollowedbyspecifictaskinstructionsthattellyouhowtoanalyzetheargument.Thewordingofsometopicsinthetestmightvaryslightlyfromwhatispresentedhere.Also,becausetheremaybemultipleversionsofsometopicswithsimilaroridenticalwordingbutwithdifferenttaskinstructions,itisveryimportanttoreadyourtesttopicanditsspecifictaskdirectionscarefullyandrespondtothewordingasitappearsintheactualtest.

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1)

WovenbasketscharacterizedbyaparticulardistinctivepatternhepreviouslybeenfoundonlyintheimmediatevicinityoftheprehistoricvillageofPaleaandthereforewerebelievedtohebeenmadeonlybythePaleanpeople.Recently,however,archaeologistsdiscoveredsucha"Palean"basketinLithos,anancientvillageacrosstheBrimRiverfromPalea.TheBrimRiverisverydeepandbroad,andsotheancientPaleanscouldhecrosseditonlybyboat,andnoPaleanboatshebeenfound.Thusitfollowsthattheso-calledPaleanbasketswerenotuniquelyPalean.

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatspecificevidenceisneededtoevaluatetheargumentandexplainhowtheevidencewouldweakenorstrengthentheargument.

一种具有独特花纹的编织篮子以前只在史前村庄Palea的临近地区发现过,因而被认为是Palea居所独有的.然而最近,考古学家在一个与Palea隔着一条叫做Brim河的村庄Lithos发现了一个这样的Palea篮子.Brim河很深很宽,所以古代Palea人只能坐船穿过它,但没有证据表明Palea人拥有船只.这表明那种所谓的Palea篮子并不是那里所独有的.

theauthorfailstoconsiderthepossibilitythatthePaleanmayarrivedinLithosthroughothermeans

thePaleanbasketcouldarriveotherplacethroughmanypossiblemethodssuchastrade,orboatspossessedbyotherculture.

InPaleantimes,theBrimRivermaynotbeasdeepandbroadasitiscurrently.

Thiayalsoresultfrommigration.

没有证据表明palea和brim是同时期存在的,不同时期情况更复杂

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2)

Thefollowingappearedaspartofalettertotheeditorofascientificjournal.

"Arecentstudyofeighteenrhesuonkeysprovidescluesastotheeffectsofbirthorderonanindividual'slevelsofstimulation.Thestudyshowedthatinstimulatingsituations(suchasanencounterwithanunfamiliarmonkey),firstborninfantmonkeysproduceuptotwiceauchofthehormonecortisol,whichprimesthebodyforincreasedactivitylevels,asdotheiryoungersiblings.Firstbornhumansalsoproducerelativelyhighlevelsofcortisolinstimulatingsituations(suchasthereturnofaparentafteranabsence).Thestudyalsofoundthatduringpregnancy,first-timemothermonkeyshadhigherlevelsofcortisolthandidthosewhohadhadseveraloffspring."

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscussoneormorealternativeexplanationsthatcouldrivaltheproposedexplanationandexplainhowyourexplanation(s)canplausiblyaccountforthefactspresentedintheargument.

最近一项对恒河猴的调查揭示了出生顺序对于个体刺激水平的影响.调查显示在受到刺激的环境下(例如遇到一个不熟悉的猴子),头胎小猴的皮质醇分泌会翻倍,这样增加了它及其兄弟姐妹的身体灵活度.人类的头胎孩子在遇到刺激(例如父母外出回家)时也会分泌出相对浓度的皮质醇.研究同时还发现在怀孕期间,第一次为人母的猴子的皮质醇要比生过几次孩子后的猴子水平高很多.

任何猴子不是一类,不能归于一谈

产生皮质醇的原因可能是由于害怕等因素而非出生顺序

产生皮质醇可能是由于害怕等等因素而非出生顺序

样本的数量和真实性,代表性作者没有说明

母猴体内皮质醇水平跟小猴体内皮质醇水平没有直接关系