关于学前教育幼儿舞蹈课堂教学的

摘 要：幼儿舞蹈教育对幼儿的智力发展、道德养成、意志品质的培养、身体素质的提高、审美能力的培养等,具有课堂教学所无法代替的积极作用.教学中要注意激发幼儿的学习兴趣,幼儿舞蹈要和启发教育相联系,动静交替,注意舞蹈的群体效应,根据幼儿的年龄特点选择适合的舞蹈让幼儿欣赏,提高幼儿的审美能力,增强幼儿的表现力.

关 键 词：学前教育幼儿舞蹈教学

幼儿舞蹈是用动作、音乐、语言和美术等综合手段来反映幼儿的思想情趣和生活的,是促进幼儿身心健康发展的一种教育艺术.好奇、好问、好动、爱模仿是幼儿的年龄特点和心理特征.幼儿的思维是形象思维,幼儿歌舞恰恰能够适应幼儿的这些特点,也能够满足他们的具体要求.

一、营造轻松的舞蹈课堂气氛,激发幼儿的学习兴趣

首先,在教学中要注重加强师生间情感的培养,师生之间的密切配合是教学成功的必要条件.教学中有的幼儿对课堂内容不感兴趣,出现精力不集中等厌学的现象,针对这样的幼儿,教师应讲究方法,不能简单粗暴地批评幼儿,应该从加强教师与幼儿的互动和情感入手,与幼儿真心交流,了解幼儿心理,解决幼儿的心理障碍,激发幼儿的学习兴趣,提高幼儿的学习自觉性.其次,教师要善于正确引导幼儿,用“爱的教育”感染幼儿的心灵,使幼儿产生积极的情感,喜欢与教师交流,喜欢与教师共同学习,心情愉悦地认同教学要求并将其转化为自己的意愿.如果教师教学情绪不好,总喜欢发火或批评、体罚幼儿,那么幼儿长期处于紧张害怕的心理状态,就会导致幼儿学习时总处于紧张状态,无法感受和表现舞蹈中的韵律和美感,教学效果会受到很大影响.所以,教师要学会爱幼儿,多与幼儿交流、沟通,走进幼儿的情感世界,教师对幼儿的爱能使幼儿产生愉悦的情绪,从而轻松地面对教师,面对课堂,因为喜欢教师而喜欢上舞蹈.

二、幼儿舞蹈和启发教育相联系,具有一定思想性

幼儿舞蹈教育对幼儿的智力发展、道德养成、意志品质的培养、身体素质的提高、审美能力的培养等,具有课堂教学所无法代替的积极作用.幼儿天性好动,喜欢模仿、喜爱看舞蹈节目,更渴望参与表演.初学舞蹈时,幼儿只知一味地模仿,几周一过就会感到枯燥无味.我们要从多方面启发、开导,从他们第一天走进舞蹈室时,就要让幼儿知道这不仅是练功房,更是舞蹈宫殿.所以,教师一定要培养幼儿的自我审美意识,使幼儿自身体现出一种对舞蹈的热爱,从而愉快地进行训练和舞蹈.将幼儿舞蹈形象化,在舞蹈教学中是一种非常有效的方法.通过形成有趣的故事或者舞蹈造型来启发幼儿的想象力,将舞蹈和启发教育相联系,使舞蹈具有一定的思想性.幼儿教师不要满足于教会孩子一个动作、一段小组合,而是给孩子们留下一个创造性的空间.

三、舞蹈要有动有静,动静交替

“动”就是要有可舞性.教师要用舞蹈思维的方法去研究分析生活中的各种现象,选择那些适合舞蹈的生活事件或现象进行表现.“静”是相对“动”而言,一部成品舞蹈不能让幼儿不停地动,可适当地配以姿态造型、队形图案、亮相等相对静止的动作.这样表演既可以让幼儿有片刻的歇息,又可以使舞蹈变化有致.舞蹈的动作要适合幼儿的年龄特点,表达幼儿的情感,舞蹈动作的设计要以幼儿的生理特点为前提,不让幼儿做大的跳跃动作,不让幼儿做控制性强的动作,不让幼儿做连续激烈的动作.在创编舞蹈时要以一两个动作作为舞蹈的主导动作,辅以队形、角度、位置等的变化,这样做,不变之中有变化,不但幼儿学起来容易,而且简单的变化也满足了幼儿求新求异的心理.

四、教学中要注意舞蹈的群体效应

幼儿舞蹈不像专业团体的舞蹈,幼儿舞蹈是为培养幼儿的高级情感怎么写作的,在表演的过程中,幼儿的道德感、责任感、实践感、理智感和美感都会受到各种程度的启迪和陶冶.只有通过亲自实践,通过一个眼神、一个手势的表演,幼儿才能真正感受美,理解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璧杆硐值哪谌荩佣艿礁髦纸逃Ｒ话闱榭鱿拢绻皇怯锥巴獾闹卮笱莩觯】赡艿厝酶嗟挠锥胁斡氡硐肿约旱幕帷２豢煞袢希扛鲇锥慕邮苣芰Α⒈硌菟接凶藕艽蟮牟钜欤虼耍梢哉攵杂锥牟煌氐悖闷浔硌莶煌绺竦奈璧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五、选择适合舞蹈,提高幼儿的审美能力

舞蹈欣赏是一种审美活动,是通过舞蹈认识世界的一种思维活动,是幼儿理解、感受、鉴赏、品评舞蹈艺术作品的过程,是幼儿园舞蹈教学内容的一个组成部分.但长期以来,幼儿园舞蹈教学往往忽视了舞蹈欣赏活动,只是单一地依据教材内容,通过“教师教、幼儿学”的教学方法,进行某个幼儿舞蹈的教学活动,在舞蹈创编活动中动作语汇贫乏,思路不开阔.要解决这一难题,就要充分挖掘和利用舞蹈欣赏在幼儿园舞蹈教学中的特殊作用,以舞蹈欣赏来丰富幼儿舞蹈教学,使舞蹈教学取得好的效果.在舞蹈教学中,教师通过舞蹈示范、舞蹈欣赏、边歌边舞、音乐反映、模仿与想象、组合与成品舞蹈编排等丰富、多样的教学形式,调动幼儿全身的多种器官,强调了大脑高度的集中去支配身躯,以表达各种动作和情感,而且一系列优美的动作,丰富的队形变化等也促进了幼儿舞蹈记忆力的提高.

总之,幼儿舞蹈是幼儿音乐艺术教育中比较重要的一部分.它舞蹈性较强,艺术性较高,又直观形象、生动活泼,深受孩子们的喜爱.好的舞蹈作品能够使幼儿在受到美的熏陶的同时,还能受到潜移默化的启迪和教育,从而促进孩子们身体素质、思想品德、智力开发及美育教育等综合素质的提高,从而达到寓教于乐、寓教于美的效果.